Abstract: Due to the high peak intensity and fast sweep rate of pulsed magnetic fields,magneto-optical measurements have the advantages of fast data acquisition, good accuracy and contrast, and low system errors which could arise from environmental fluctuations. Rare earth luminescent materials have broad applications in lighting, display, and sensing, thanks to their rich,strong, and sharp spectral lines in both visible and near infrared wavelength regions. When a high external magnetic field is applied, these materials exhibit behaviors such as PL enhancement, PL suppression, and color change, which make them very useful in magnetic field calibration, and magnetically controlled photonic and optical devices. In this paper, the evolution characteristics of the PL spectra, PL intensity, and fine electronic structures of erbium and europium doped luminescent materials under pulsed high magnetic fields are investigated with the magneto-optical facilities in Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center. The applications of pulsed high magnetic fields in various areas, for example, crystal structure exploration, electronic structure characterization,magnetic field calibration, and magnetic field sensing, are described as well.