Abstract: The relationship between the structural evolution and macroscopic properties of metallic liquids has been a long-standing issue in condensed-matter physics and materials science.In this paper we review recent progress in the study of various fundamental aspects of metallic liquids, including new methods to analyse the structure, liquid-to-liquid transition, physical properties, and fragility, in correlation with the structure of metallic liquids. With the progress of research on the structure and properties of metallic liquids, especially with the incorporation of advanced techniques, we are gaining an ever deeper understanding of metallic liquids, which should play a far-reaching role in the design and improvement of the properties of new materials.