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量子传感(Ⅰ):基础理论与方法

Quantum sensing (Ⅰ): basics and approaches

  • 摘要: 作为当前三大核心量子技术之一的量子传感技术,是量子信息感知与获取的重要物理实现基础,也是发展历史最悠久、技术成熟度最高、实际应用范围最广、潜在应用最多的量子技术。文章是量子传感的第一部分,主要介绍量子传感的基础理论与方法。首先从理论上总结量子传感的定义及基本概念,指出量子传感“量子性”的由来,并从实际应用的角度,提出量子传感的技术外延以及分类依据;接着详细介绍了有关量子传感的基本实现架构,以及描述量子传感性能的核心技术指标,归纳了用于提高量子传感性能的物理原理及技术方法。

     

    Abstract: Quantum sensing is one of the core directions of current quantum technology, and has the longest history, the highest maturity, and the widest applications. This article reviews the basic theory and methods of quantum sensing. First, the definition and basic concepts of quantum sensing are summarized, including the origin of the quantum nature of quantum sensing and the extension and classification of quantum sensing from the perspective of practical application. The basic and general protocol of quantum sensing is then described in detail, as well as the core technical parameters for depicting the performance of quantum sensing. Finally, the technical methods and physical principles to improve the performance of quantum sensing are summarized.

     

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