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从《马说》到《Super-Moiré说》

From “Ma Shuo” to “Super-Moiré Shuo”

  • 摘要: 在凝聚态物理学领域,量子莫尔材料研究正当其时。文章将从一篇物理学版《马说》讲起,引导读者欣赏该领域的新进展:如何通过量子干涉效应,得到更大晶格长度的super-Moiré(超莫尔)材料,实现前人开拓却所不及的整数磁通布洛赫态和整数Brown—Zak量子振荡。文章首先梳理了过去50年研究晶格势场中的电子在磁场中运动行为的来龙去脉,从侯世达蝴蝶能谱讲到石墨烯,再到转角石墨烯和现在的超莫尔材料,最后回到侯世达的名著《哥德尔、埃舍尔、巴赫》,完成从理论到计算再到实验的完整闭环。作者认为,超莫尔材料的实现为二维量子材料研究开辟了新路径,将会在量子通信和量子计算等领域具有重要应用前景。

     

    Abstract: Research on quantum Moiré materials has attracted great attention in the field of condensed matter physics. This article starts with a physics version of“Ma Shuo”(by Han Yu, 768-824 AD) to guide readers to appreciate the new progress in this field: how to obtain super-Moiré materials with larger unit cell lengths through quantum interference effects, and how to realize magnetic Bloch states and integer Brown—Zak quantum oscillations that have not been observed before. We also provide a historical review on the study of the movement of electrons in lattice potential fields in magnetic fields over the past 50 years, from Hofstadter’s butterfly energy spectrum to graphene, then to twisted bilayer graphene and the current super-Moiré materials, and finally back to Hofstadter’s famous book 《Gödel, Escher, Bach》, completing a logical loop from theory to computation to experiment. The realization of super-Moiré materials has opened up a new path for the study of two-dimensional quantum materials, and will have important prospects in fields such as quantum communication and computing.

     

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