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利用比热手段证明氧化物超导体正常态有电子库珀对存在

Experimental evidence for the existence of uncondensed Cooper pairs above Tc revealed by low temperature specific heat

  • 摘要: 文章简单介绍了氧化物超导体机理问题研究中最核心的问题之一,即超导与赝能隙关系的最新进展状态.介绍了利用高精度比热测量所发现的在欠掺杂样品的正常态有电子配对存在的证据,指出超导凝聚过程是非BCS型.比热数据显示,在重过掺区域,超导转变温度附近的比热跳变非常之陡,超导凝聚所造成的熵变满足守恒规律.然后到欠掺杂区,这个比热跳变变得很矮,而且在正常态仍然测量到一个与磁场相关的比热部分,表现在比热系数有一个很长的尾巴拖到高温区.计算到Tc 附近的超导熵不满足守恒律,但是积分到高温后,即考虑到尾巴部分后,熵就接近守恒.这说明,在欠掺杂超导体的正常态已经有电子配对,但是没有建立起宏观超导相干态.氧化物超导体中的超导凝聚过程不是BCS型的.

     

    Abstract: We have measured the magnetic field and temperature dependence of specific heat in Bi2Sr2-xLaxCuO6 single crystals over wide doping and temperature regions. The superconductivity related specific heat coefficient γsc and entropy have been determined. It is found that γsc has a hump-like anomaly at Tc and exhibits a long tail which persists far into the normal state for the underdoped samples, but for the heavily overdoped samples it ends sharply just near Tc. Interestingly, we found that the entropy associated with superconductivity is almost conserved when and only when the long tail part in the normal state is taken into account for the underdoped samples, indicating the presence of residual superconductivity above Tc.

     

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