声波的“单行道”——声二极管的理论与实验研究
One\|way street for acoustic waves: Theoretical design and experimental realization of acoustic diodes
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摘要: 作为第一个可实现电整流的器件,电子二极管的发明标志着现代电子学的诞生,并在全球范围内引发了各个领域内的革命,最终深刻地改变了我们的整个生活.声波作为一种重要的经典波,具有比电磁波更为悠久的研究历史及更为普遍的存在形式.因此,若能设计并实现一种可像电子二极管控制电流那样对声能量进行整流的声学器件,这将对声学的器件制造、实际应用乃至整个声学研究领域都产生重大影响,其学术意义及应用价值的重要性不言而喻.文章详细介绍了利用超晶格与非线性声学材料构成的声二极管的理论与实验方面的最新研究进展.Abstract: The invention of electric diodes, which were the first devices to enable the rectification of current flux, marked the emergence of modern electronics, led to worldwide revolutions in many aspects, and eventually changed our daily lives significantly. Compared with electricity, the acoustic wave is an important form of classical wave that is more ubiquitous in nature and has a much longer research history. It is therefore apparent that the counterpart devices for rectifying acoustic propagation, if they could be successfully designed and fabricated, would have deep implications for acoustic devices and applications, and the field of acoustics in general. This article presents a comprehensive discussion of the theoretical design and experimental realization of an acoustic diode that consists of a superlattice and a nonlinear acoustic medium.
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